Chemical equilibrium acids and bases

Chemical equilibrium acids and bases is one of the titles in the series of ASE Lab Books that were published in the early 1970s for the Association for Science Education by John Murray. Each title covered one or two topics and brought together the best of the teaching notes and experimental ideas from members of the association that had appeared in the ASE journal, School Science Review.

The sections of this resource and the topics are as follows.

The nature of acids
* Properties of acids, using 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (tartaric acid)
* Acidic properties: dependence on nature of solvent
* An apparatus for generating pure hydrogen chloride
* Experiments with hydrogen chloride
* Decomposition of nitric(V) acid by heat
* The contact process
* Small-scale methods for the preparation of simple salts
* An elementary class experiment to compare the strengths of acids
* An experiment to demonstrate the relative strengths of phosphoric(V), sulphuric(VI), and chloric(VII) acids

pH and indicators
* Vegetable indicators
* The use of elderberries in the early stages of Nuffield chemistry
* pH of a soil
* The chemical spectrum
* Disodiumt(I) tetraborate(III)-10-water (borax), propane-l,2,3-triol (glycerol), and litmus
* Titration characteristics of acids and alkalis
* Experiments on indicators
* An efficient but simply made hydrogen electrode
* Home-made pH meters
* A test device for electronic pH meters
* The verification of Ostwald's dilution law using a pH meter
* A simple conductivity cell
* A simple apparatus for conductimetric titration

Gaseous and ionic equilibria
* A photochemical experiment to illustrate reversibility
* A model to show the effect of variation of concentration on an equilibrium system
* The equilibrium between iodine chloride and diiodine hexachloride (iodine trichloride)
* Study of a reversible reaction
* Composition of the red iron thiocyanate complex
* Thermal dissociation of dinitrogen tetroxide
* Thermal dissociation of nitrogen dioxide
* The thermodynamics of the gas phase equilibrium between dinitrogen tetroxide and nitrogen dioxide: a quantitative study
* edta and chemical equilibrium
* The state of carbon dioxide. in aqueous solution

Heterogeneous equilibria
* Influence of pressure on the decomposition of calcium carbonate
* The dissociation pressure of cadmium carbonate
* A simple quantitative verification of the existence of the solubility product of a dissolved substance
* Solubility product of sodium chloride
* Determination of the solubility of some chromates
* The solubility product of iron(III) hydroxide
* Solubility method for determining the dissociation constant of a sparingly soluble weak acid