Whey is a waste product from the cheese industry. In this experiment students upgrade whey, by converting the lactose into glucose and galactose, or by growing the microorganism K.lactis on agar containing whey.

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This Salters’ Chemistry Course unit from the University of York Science Education Group covered:
* The use of fuels in keeping warm
* The chemical changes when fuels burn
* Some consequences of the large scale use of fuels.

A Year 11 module from the Salters’ Key Stage Four double award science course. The breakdown of domestic waste is observed. A text exercises describes the processes used in a waste water plant. Natural cycles, including the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle are...

This chemistry extension module of the Salters' Science course revises and extends students’ ideas about the structure and properties of water. It deals with hardness of water, the action of soap and other detergents and properties of emulsions.

In this practical activity, students investigate the salinity of three different water samples using a multimeter. Students first calibrate their salination probe and test the salinity of their solutions. Students can be asked to suggest how errors might have appeared...

This resource, from Siemens UK, encourages students to appreciate the importance of clean water and the problems that may arise in the absence of it. Students consider soluble and insoluble pollutants and methods of filtration. They then explore contamination by microorganisms, water-borne diseases and the...

This physics extension module from the Salters’ Science course covers the action of sensors and amplifiers in electronic systems. Potential dividers are studied as a way of supplying different voltages. The action of light dependent resistors and thermistors in...

This physics extension module from the Salters' Science course focuses on the physics and electronics behind each part of a television set. Production of electron beams and their deflection by electrical or magnetic fields are shown and students see how colours can be...

In this practical activity, from the Institution of Engineering and Technology, students investigate the properties of smart springs and see how they might be used as muscles in a robotic arm. This activity can be used as an extension to the related activity ‘...

In this experiment, from Science & Plants for Schools (SAPS), students are required to make observations about wild oat seeds. Using a petri dish, glass jar, filter paper and water, students can recreate the conditions of a greenhouse. They can then observe the changes to direction of the awn (the long hair at...

This booklet is part of the ‘Innovations in Practical Work’ series published by the Gatsby Science Enhancement Programme (SEP). One of the most important questions facing us all is how we will use the planet’s energy resources over the coming decades. Many people believe that wind power can make a vital...

This resource looks at the two main drivers of sea level change - isostasy and eustasy. Each of these terms is explained and a worksheet covers both ideas in three practical demonstrations.

In the first practical, which includes both isostasy and eustasy, students undertake experiments which prove that...

This resource explains what a salt marsh is and how they record sea-level changes. As salt marshes are zoned by tidal inundation, salt marsh plants and sediments can then record changes in sea level as the zones move horizontally in response to vertical changes in sea level.

In a practical experiment,...