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What Is a Fraction?

This self-study booklet from the National Strategies is on the topic of fractions, ratio and proportion. It was originally written to support and develop the subject knowledge of teachers in Key Stages Two and Three. The 2000 National Curriculum gave greater emphasis to this topic, particularly ratio and proportion, which was developed in the primary and Key Stage Three frameworks for teaching mathematics. Ratio and proportion is a mathematical topic which less experienced teachers frequently said they found most difficult to teach. The content of the booklet addresses mathematical content up to National Curriculum levels 7 and 8. It was provided as background reading for Key Stage Three mathematics teachers. This booklet discusses the nature of fractions and the related ideas of ratio and proportion. It aims to clarify the meanings of these terms and the links between them. Each main section concludes with a short exercise, to test understanding and application of the ideas. The chapters are:

Introduction Fractions and division

Chapter 1 Fractions as divisions of a whole number into equal parts

Chapter 2 Fractions as ratios – how many times one number can be divided by another

Chapter 3 Equivalent fractions

Chapter 4 Proportion as equality of ratios

Chapter 5 Solving problems on ratio and proportion

The book concludes with the answers to exercises.

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